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Note On Unicellular Organism

Home > Study Notes > Note On Unicellular Organism
Published in: Biology
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A unicellular organism, also known as a single-celled organism, is an organism that consists of a single cell

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  1. FORM 4 BIOLOGY LESSON 2.2 UNICELLULAR ORGANISM Tan Chin Hau
  2. TODAY'S TOPIC Brief Introduction Unicellular organisms are made up of only one cell. Unicellular organisms carry out all life processes: 1. respiration, 2. movement, 3. nutrition, 4. responding to stimulus, 5. reproduction, 6. growth and 7. excretion Tan Chiin Hau
  3. AMOEBA(EXAMPLE) LOCOMOTION/MOVEMENT • AmQßhaSLconstantly changes its shape when it encounters obstacles. • It moves by extending out its pseudopodium (false feet). • This is followed by the flow of cytoplasm into the extended pseudopodium Tan Chin Hau
  4. N/A
  5. Feeding/ Nutrition 1. The food vacuole is combined with lysosome. 2. The food particles are hydrolysed by the enzyme lysozyme in the lysosomes 3. The nutrients are absorbed into the cytoplasm. 4. Undigested food is discharged when the Amoeba sp. moves part Food 3 Ingestion 2 Digestion Assimilation Egestion TAN CHIN HAU
  6. RESPIRATION Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases occur through the plasma membrane by simple diffusion on the surface of the cell. 02 Food Vacuole Nucleus o coz Contractile vacuole Tan Chin Hau
  7. LOOK AT THE EXAMPLES RESPONDING TO STIMULI Amoeba sp. and Paramecium sp. respond to stimuli such as chemicals, touch or bright light by moving away from the stimuli. GROWTH Ameoba sp. and Paramecium sp. grow by synthesising new cytoplasm. Tan Chin Hau
  8. EXCRETION • As Amoeba sp. and Paramecium sp. live in freshwater environments, water will diffuse by osmosis and fill the contractile vacuole. • When the vacuole expands to the maximum size, contraction occurs and water is excreted from time to time. • This process is called osmoregulation. Tan Chin Hau
  9. REPRODUCTION • When the conditions are suitable and there is plenty Of food, Amoeba sp. and Paramecium sp. will reproduce via asexual reproduction that is binary fission through mitosis • However, when the environmental conditions are not suitable, such as dry conditions, low temperature and food shortage, the Amoeba sp. forms spores that will only germinate when the environment improvæ • For Paramecium sp. sexual reproduction, that is conjugation occurs when environmental conditions are not suitable BINARY FISSION Parent C div Tan Chin Hau Two daugh.ter cells

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